In silico analysis of protein Lys-N𝜀-acetylation in plants

Among post-translational modifications, there are some conceptual similarities between Lys-N(𝜀)-acetylation and Ser/Thr/Tyr O-phosphorylation. Herein we present a bioinformatics-based overview of reversible protein Lys-acetylation, including some comparisons with reversible protein phosphorylation. The study of Lys-acetylation of plant proteins has lagged behind studies of mammalian and microbial cells; 1000s of acetylation sites have been identified in mammalian proteins compared with only hundreds of sites in plant proteins. While most previous emphasis was focused on post-translational modifications of histones, more recent studies have addressed metabolic regulation. Being directly coupled with cellular CoA/acetyl-CoA and NAD/NADH, reversible Lys-N(𝜀)-acetylation has the potential to control, or contribute to control, of primary metabolism, signaling, and growth and development.